Damper



I. A. KEYES.

DAMPEB.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I2, 1918.

Patented Aug. 10,192.

citizen of the United closecl :1t ul1 other understeod cylindera1rangement is UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH A. KEYES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., COMPANY, 015 NEW YORK, N. Y.

ASSIGII'OR T0 LOCO1VJCOTIVE SUPERHEATER A CORPORA'IION DIE DELAWARE.

DAMPER.

Be it known that I, JOSE1II A. KEYES, a Stabes, residing in the city ofNew York, Stute 01 New York, ha ve invented certain new ancl usefulImprovements in Dampers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dampers usecl on locomotives equipped with smoketube superheaters, und particularly loeomotives 0f this kincl usecl inswitchor yarclservice. The objeet 0f my invention is t0 provide animprovecl mechanism f01' automatically Causing the clampert0 assume thedesirecl position in response to certain varying conclitions.

Those fainiliar with the damper arrangement in the case 0f roaclengines, thab is locomotives whose service conclitions are such that eheperiods during which the throttle is open are long comparkad with thoseduring which it is closecl, is different from the arrangement in switchen gines, where the perio'dS 0f' c1osecl throttle units is open at alltimes when the throttle is 0pen und the pressure in the steam chest 1Sabove a certa1n t1mes. F01 certa1n wellbe undesirable 011 switch enginesancl a different arrangement has been proposed, v1. e. t0

'hot gases to flow over the superheater pipes at all times except whenthe blower is on, ir

respective of whether the throttle is open 01' closed( This, in turn,resultecl in the disaclvantage that if the blower happened t0 be onWhile the throttle was open, 110 hot gases passecl throgh the flues,resulting in a dec'reasecl steam production and a lack 0f superheat.Arrangements f01& remeclying this have been Worked Out, involving theprinciple of two opposing pistons, 0Iie acted 011 by steam from thesteam chest or steam pipe ancl the other' by blower steam. While thesearrangements are ehtirely practicable, they are open to some objections,e g. the objection that an entirely difi'erent damper required in the15W0 classes 01 locomotives.

this art know that predeterminecl point, ancl 1eas011s this arrangementwoulcl full lines a s far One purpose of my Specification of LettersPatent. Patented f&ug 10, 1920 Appli cacin filed February 12,1918.

Ser1al N0. 216,787.

invention is t0 remove this 0bj ection, making it p0ssible to use thesame standard clamper cylincler in all cases. Other objects Will beapparent fr-om the following clescription.

My invention is illustrated in the aecom panying clrawing, in whlchFigure 1 represents the front end 015 a locomotive with my device inplace; und Fig. 2 represents to an enlargecl scale a centrallongitudinal section of the essential parh 01 my device.

The banel 01 the locomotive is clesignated by the reference numerul l.The front tube sheet 2 has securecl in it the flues 3 und the fire tubes3. From compartment 4 of heacle1 5 lezul the superheuter units (3,tl1eir other encls not visible 213 they lie behind those shown in theclrawing, openlng into compartment 7 01 the heucler 5. It is understoocl that there is any desirecl number of tiers 01 these fiues und.superheater units. 8 is the inlet I"01 ehe satumtecl steam, which isclelivered t0 it from the heiler by the clrypipe 8 und 9 the outlet forthe steam after it is superheatecl The fixecl -plate 10 together withthe rotatuble dumper 11 controls Ehe exit fer the h0t gases from theflues 3. As 25:11 21s lescribed the urmngement is typi ca] undwell-known.

The damper 11 is mounted on und rotates with the shuft 12. Keyecl 01'otherwise securecl to this shaft is the arm 13 carrying alt its encl theweight 14;. The relative position of arm 18 und clamper 11 0n shaft 12is such that with the weight in its upper position, as inthe clrawi1ig,the damper is closecl, the clamper in this osition being indicated in asit shows in the view, the 10wer position 01: the weight und the openposition of the clamper being inclicatecl by line 13 und 11respectively.

Also secured t0 shuft 12 is the arm 15, whose encl is connected to theencl of arm 16 by link 17. Arm 16 is keyecl 130 shaft 18 t0 Whieh isalso keyecl arm 19. The other end 0f arm 19 extencls into a slot inpiston 1OCl 20. At the lower end 01 20 is the piston 21, re-

eiprocable in cylincler 22. T0 the lower end which has a larger piston,25, ancl a snlaller one, 26, movable respectively in the larger andsmalle'r portionsof the chamber. They are connected by a rod, preferablyintegral with thern, whlch has tWo portions differing in diamete'r, theone 28 adjacent t'o the to prevent leakage.

Tl1ejcasing is screwecl into the botto1n 0'f thcylinder 22 by means ofthe connection 29, and its 1nterior co1nmunicatss with the spacebelowpiston 21 by 1neans 0f tl1e' passage 30, opening into the smallercliameterecl p'o-rtion of the chamber 23. From the encl 01 thesarnefportlon 0f the chamber comnection ismacle, by means 01 passa'ge 31anal pipe 32,. with the blower p'1pe 33.

' The end of ehe lmger ortion 0f chamber 23 cbnnnunicatcs by means ofpassage 34 und pipe.35 Wih the steam chest 3G.

Leading from the smaller ortion of chamber 23 t0 the ai1' is apassagex37,

"SCIGWGC1 into it ancl leacling to any condischarge is pips 38. Con

venient point of necting this Passage 37 with the near end of the la1gerportion of the chamberis tl1e small assage 39.

The disp.osition of the inner ends 01 passage's 30 ancl 37 is such thatwhen the piston mlve is ab the left, inthe position shown 1n oho figure,both passages are open but *c ommunication between them is closecl by'piston 26; but when the valve is in the op posite position, 71. e. inits extreme right pos1t1on, .the tw0 passa ges connnunicate througlrtheannular Space arouncl portion 27 of the sten1 und at suchtimescmmunic'ation is interruptecl between 30 und 31'.

Ii'l Will be 110tecl that 'as piston 25 approaches the left end 01 itstmvel stezim in the larger encl 0:E thschamber23can escape 0nly throughthe compara tively small Passage 34:,

' end -ofits strke, steam tmppecl in the inner encl 'f the largep'ortion 01 the chzunbar 23 vcan e scape only through the small assage39. In this wa.y the fstroke 0f the valve is p roperly cushioned.

-Theoperat1on 015 the clev1ce*1 VVhen the locomotive is stanclin s asfoll5ws: still with thethrottle clossd und the blower on, Pres- 21 intoits upper position, closingclamper su re fromm the blower -pipe 33,.passing through pipe 32 und passage3l, will move pi ston valve 21t0 theleft, there bsing 110 pressure opposing this movement. Steain can thenpass 'by way 01 passage 30 130 dam'1aer cylincler 22. This will f orceplspon 11 in opp'osiigion to the action 0 5 wsighe 14. Tf. 110W the mainthrottle is opened, steam assage clamper.

. 1. In apparatus of the the darnpcr su1 1alieclwith steam,

anal as 1t approaches -the righb terzied from the steam chest 36, Comingthroug'n The arei1 subject t0 this pres'sure being greater than the areaof piston 26, the piston valve Will m0ve towarcl the right. Port 30 Willthen bs in comm unication with port 37 bu t no longer with 31, ancl thesteam in cylin'chr22 escapes The weight 1 1 then puts the damper intoits open positioh. Any steam that leaks by piston 25 is free.to esca'peby way 01 39. Shoulcl the blower be turne'cl ofl? ac tirnes When thethrottl'e is op an, Ehe action Will be, 01' course, as just desc'ribscl.;Should it be t-urnecl ofl. [ab a time When the throttle is closcl, the.p0sition of piston valve 21 would make 110 clifference, asnostenfl1pressure would oppose the -action of weight 14 which woulcltherefore'be free. t0 open the 1Vhat I claim;is:

dass clescribed, the combination -0f a b0iler ha-ving fluesmsuperhea-ter with a portion of its hsating surfac'e'locatecl in .thefiues, a, compartment int0 which the flues discha-rge gases, a damperconorollecl .opening in the- Wall 0'f saicl compartment, a steani'chest, "a blower pipe, means t0 operace thexclamper comprising acylincler, anal a valve subjectto opposing pressures from the steamchestancl .the blow-er pipe respectively controlling the admission Of steanntoan cl -its exhaust from snicl cylincler.

. 2.- In apparatus .of tl1e dass desc-ribecl, tl16 combination 015heiler having flues, s super heater with, a. portio1i .015 its heutingsurfwelocatecl in the flues, a compartment in1'zo which the fluesdischarge gases, a. damper controllecl opening in.-thsmall 015 saidcompnrtment, a steam chest, a blower pipe, steam actuatecl meansconnectecl witn and tencling "00 .clos'eit when a valve t0 aclmit stea130 saicl means, said valve operatirig in response t0 pressure in theblower pipe t0 ziclmitsteam t0 themeans, ancl in response t pressurefr0rn the steam chest to cut it ofl. 3.- In.appmratnsof ths dassclescribscl, l'l1 coinbinatin of a boiler having flucs, a superh'eaterwith a portion of its heating surface 'l'ocaecl in the flues,a.fcompart- -1nent into whicl1 the flues dischaige gases, a clanipercontrolled openlng in the Wall 0f saicl comprtment, a steam chest, ablower pipe steam-operatecl nieans operatively con nectecl 'witl1 thecla'mper ancl tehding c0 close ifi when suppliecl with stsarn, und dahermeans to supply stem to saicl stearn-oprneanswhen the blower pip'e isreceiving stearn ancl the stemnnnest is not, ancl co cutofi" the steamsupply when the steam chest is receiving steam.

' 4. l n"apparatus 0f the classlescribed, the combinatiofl of a boilerhav'ing flues, a

superheater with a Portion 0f its' beating surface located in the flues,a compartment into which the flues discharge gases, a damper controlledopening in the Wall of said compartment, a steam chest, a blower pipe, adamper cylinder, a piston reciprocable in it and operatively connectedwith the damper und tending 130 close it when there is pressure in thecylinder, and a differential piston valve the larger of whose two pistonareas is subject to pressure from the steam chest the smaller beingsubject t0 blower pipe pressure, the piston valve admitting steam t0 thedamper cylinder when in the position it tends to assume in response tothe blower pipe pressure, and connecting it with the atmosphere when inthe position it tends t0 assume in response t0 the steam chest pressure,and automatic means to open ehe damper when there is n0 pressure in thedamper cylinder.

JOSEPH A. KEYES.

